M² Numbers Don't Cut Steel: What Beam Quality Specifications Actually Mean on the Shop Floor
Laser manufacturers routinely publish M² beam quality ratings that look impressive on a datasheet but tell an incomplete story about how a system will actually perform in production. Understanding the gap between theoretical beam metrics and empirical cutting or marking results is one of the most consequential—and most overlooked—decisions a manufacturing operation can make. This guide breaks down what M² really measures, where it falls short, and what data you should be demanding before signing